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A fistula is a condition that, while not often discussed, is a reality for many people. It involves the formation of an abnormal connection or tunnel between two organs, vessels, or tubes that don’t normally connect. Understanding what a fistula is, what causes it, and how it is treated is the first step toward managing this condition.

An anal fissure is a small tear or crack in the thin, moist tissue (mucosa) that lines the anus. This tear typically occurs in the posterior midline of the anal canal, though it can sometimes be located elsewhere. Think of it like a paper cut in a very sensitive area.

Piles, medically known as hemorrhoids, are swollen and inflamed veins in the lower rectum or anus. It is one of the most common anorectal conditions, affecting millions of people across all age groups. While piles can be uncomfortable and sometimes painful, they are easily treatable with timely care and lifestyle modifications.